Pancreatitis is a serious pathology of the pancreas that requires complex and long-term treatment. And one of the main components of therapy is a therapeutic diet, without which a positive effect is almost impossible.
A diet for pancreatitis of the pancreas during an exacerbation will help relieve the main symptoms of the disease and stop its development, as well as prevent new relapses.
Nutrition at the beginning of an exacerbation
The course of chronic pancreatitis is characterized by alternating stages of exacerbation and remission. An exacerbation can occur when the nutritional system is disrupted and prohibited foods are consumed, when strong medications are taken for a long time, and for a number of other reasons.
The occurrence of an exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis can be determined by the following symptoms:
- severe and sharp pain in the right hypochondrium, intensifying after a meal;
- flatulence, bloating;
- increased body temperature;
- nausea and severe vomiting;
- the appearance of loose gray stools.
The disease may worsen immediately after a meal (especially in the evening). When these symptoms appear, it is necessary to switch to a strict therapeutic diet and start taking medications.
Food should be as simple, light and gentle as possible to reduce the load on the pancreas. Products should not contain animal fats, coarse fibers or fiber. In the very first two to three days of the onset of an exacerbation, you can only drink pure still water (preferably alkaline).
Gradually, the amount of water can be increased, and the diet can be replenished with liquid dishes (soups and pureed soups). Thus, alkali will lower the concentration of acid in the stomach and reduce inflammation, and liquid and semi-liquid food will prepare the gastrointestinal tract for the transition to a richer diet.
Rules for eating vegetables
Before buying a vegetable, you need to look at it carefully. It is best for chronic pancreatitis, as well as after an attack, to buy ripe varieties, but not overripe ones.
The vegetable should be strong enough, but not wooden. There should be no defects or wormholes on the skin.
Also read on our website: Is it possible to have tomatoes for pancreatitis?
The best option is to eat vegetables grown in your own garden without the use of fertilizers, pesticides and other chemicals harmful to the body.
You should not buy vegetables with pancreatitis, even with a chronic course of the disease, canned or salted. They cause severe irritation of the mucous membrane, thereby causing serious complications.
Basic recommendations:
- do not fry if you have pancreatitis;
- Avoid using vegetable broths.
If the vegetable contains seeds, they must be removed. The seeds are poorly absorbed by the body.
When the chronic course of the disease worsens, gradually introduce vegetables into the diet. Start taking it with a small dosage. If no complications arise and the symptoms of the disease do not worsen, then it is allowed to gradually increase the portion.
If you decide to make soup, its consistency should be puree. The soup that is familiar to many people should not be prepared, otherwise the symptoms of the disease will worsen.
Approximate therapeutic nutrition during an exacerbation in an adult
The therapeutic diet at the stage of treatment of acute inflammation of internal organs may include the following dishes:
- pureed cereal soups with water and vegetable broth;
- puree soups with light fish or meat;
- low-fat cheeses without seasonings;
- drinks and desserts from fresh and dry fruits (except juices);
- weak tea;
- cutlets from dietary meat and steamed fish;
- puree from baked, stewed and boiled vegetables;
- scrambled eggs;
- steam or boiled omelette;
- steamed curd soufflés;
- semi-liquid cereal porridges;
- rosehip tea;
- milk (only when added to porridge and other dishes).
It is recommended to eat crushed and pureed foods; it is also important to chew food thoroughly, since the disease can worsen due to excess load.
The consumption of salt and sugar during this period should be limited as much as possible, and pepper and other seasonings should not be added to food. It is prohibited to eat pickled, smoked and salted foods, fried foods, too fatty foods, fast food, fresh flour and alcohol. Bad habits should be abandoned altogether.
Simple and healthy breakfast menus
Healthy, tasty breakfast dishes are easy to prepare yourself at home. You should first consult with a nutritionist or gastroenterologist. The doctor will draw up a daily diet, calculate the calorie content of dishes, the amount of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats that the patient will receive while adhering to the treatment menu. But the doctor also selects products based on the stage of the disease, the presence of concomitant pathology and individual intolerance to one or another ingredient.
Below are several healthy breakfast options for a patient with pancreatitis.
Breakfast 1
Rice and pumpkin porridge, chicory drink and a slice of day-old wheat bread with a small piece of cheese.
Porridge recipe:
- peel and remove seeds from a small pumpkin;
- cut it into small pieces;
- boil for 20 minutes, add 7 tablespoons of washed rice to the pumpkin, cook until tender;
- add a glass of skim milk to the porridge, bring to a boil over low heat;
- Cool the porridge slightly, grind it using a blender until smooth.
Breakfast 2
Dietary protein omelette with vegetables and herbs, cherry jelly.
To prepare an omelette, you will need 2 eggs, half a glass of milk, half a fresh small zucchini, a tomato, a bunch of herbs (dill, parsley), a little olive oil.
Cooking steps:
- Peel the zucchini, tomato: remove the skin, core with seeds, cut into small pieces.
- Pour oil into a frying pan and simmer the vegetables until soft.
- Separate the egg whites from the yolks, beat the whites together with milk, add a little salt, add finely chopped herbs and pour the resulting mixture into the pan with the vegetables.
- Cook over low heat until done.
Breakfast 3
Cottage cheese and apple souffle and weak black tea with the addition of a small amount of milk.
To prepare the souffle you will need a sweet apple, 200 g of low-fat cottage cheese, 1 egg. Recipe of dish:
- Peel and core the apple and grate it on the finest grater.
- Mix applesauce with cottage cheese and egg, beat this mixture with a blender until smooth.
- Place the curd mixture in silicone molds, place them in a slow cooker or oven, bake for 15-20 minutes until the curd becomes creamy.
- Before serving the souffle to the patient, you can sprinkle it with a little cinnamon.
Breakfast is an important meal of the day. For pancreatitis, the diet is prepared by a nutritionist in compliance with all the rules of therapeutic nutrition. For breakfast, it is useful to eat properly prepared protein and carbohydrate dishes from approved foods. The doctor must take into account the stage of pancreatitis, age, and concomitant diseases of the patient. The condition of the pancreas is determined after undergoing prescribed tests and ultrasound examination of the abdominal organs.
What to eat when the exacerbation passes?
An exacerbation of chronic inflammation of the gland is dangerous because it leaves a scar after a painful period. With the frequent appearance of such scars, the connective tissue of the organ that performs digestive functions is preserved less and less. Therefore, over time, the quality of digestion seriously deteriorates.
To slow down this process and reduce the likelihood of relapse, it is also necessary to follow a dietary regimen. According to it, all dishes can only be boiled, baked, cooked in a double boiler and a slow cooker. The optimal intake for this period of time would be five or six meals daily.
The list of permitted foods for chronic diseases includes:
- dried white bread, uneatable crackers;
- pasta;
- vegetable purees and pureed soups;
- dairy products;
- egg whites (up to one yolk per day is allowed);
- vegetable oil (in limited quantities);
- cereals (preferably pureed, crushed);
- non-acidic fruits;
- meat (containing large amounts of iron), chicken and fish without fat;
- freshly squeezed juices, compotes.
To determine the nutritional value of foods, you can use a table from a cookbook. You should eat small portions of one hundred to two hundred grams. The last meal should take place no later than two to three hours before bedtime, and too long intervals should not be allowed. The optimal time between meals is three to four hours.
How to set a holiday table with pancreatitis?
Sick people feel awkward during the holidays because the table is full of unhealthy high-calorie foods and alcohol. But a festive dinner with pancreatitis can look solemn and beautiful, and will be healthy. We present unusual dishes that will decorate the holiday and bring joy to the soul and body.
Okroshka for the pancreas
Ingredients:
- kefir – 1 l,
- water – 1 l,
- potatoes – 4 pcs.,
- fresh cucumber – 200 g (1 large),
- quail eggs (chicken can be used, but 4 times less) – 8 pcs.,
- boiled chicken breast fillet – 200 g,
- green onions - a few feathers,
- dill - several sprigs.
Okroshka recipe:
This recipe is unusual, but tasty and healthy.
Veal zrazy stuffed with omelette, with vegetable puree and milk sauce
The dish contains the following ingredients:
For zraz:
- veal – 300 g,
- loaf – 40 g,
- milk – 2 tbsp. l.,
- egg – 1 pc.
For the omelet:
- eggs – 2 pcs.,
- milk - half a glass,
- salt - on the tip of the knife.
For garnish:
- carrots – 1 medium,
- zucchini – 200 g,
- potatoes - 4 medium pieces,
- butter – 20 g.
For the sauce:
- butter – 1 tbsp. l.,
- premium flour – 1 tbsp. l.,
- milk 1.5% – 1 glass,
- a pinch of salt.
The holiday recipe is prepared as follows:
Vegetable puree is placed on beautiful plates, immediately poured over with sauce, and garnished with dill and parsley.
Important points for a festive evening
The holiday will not be a torment for a person suffering from pancreatitis if you follow some rules:
Sample menu by day
For the first two to three days, food is prohibited altogether. You are only allowed to drink water in limited quantities. After this period, a gradual transition to dietary meals is necessary for about a week.
First day
A diet for inflammation of the pancreas during an exacerbation on the first day after fasting may be as follows:
- Breakfast. A small portion of soup (mashed), half a glass of water.
- Lunch. Baked apple without peel.
- Dinner. Half a serving of plain mashed potatoes, a cup of fresh milk.
- Afternoon snack. A cup of oatmeal jelly, a lean cracker.
- A small portion of buckwheat porridge, a cup of weak tea.
Second day
On this day it is allowed:
- Steamed egg white omelette, tea.
- Baked pear or apple without peel.
- Puree slimy cereal soup, compote, dried bread.
- Milk jelly.
- Semolina porridge with half-and-half milk, tea.
Third day
Main meals:
- A serving of oatmeal with water or half-and-half milk, tea.
- Banana.
- Vegetable puree, a slice of fish without fat, cooked in water or steamed, tea.
- A small portion of cottage cheese with a spoon of liquid honey.
- Rice porridge with milk, chamomile tea.
Fourth day
Allowed menu:
- Steamed or oven-baked cottage cheese casserole, tea.
- Natural yogurt.
- A portion of buckwheat porridge, a steamed diet cutlet.
- Crackers or dry cookies, a cup of milk.
- A cup of pasta, steamed vegetables, tea.
Fifth day
Basic diet:
- Semolina.
- A glass of oatmeal jelly, crackers.
- Vegetable cutlet, fat-free chicken broth, dried fruit compote.
- Fruit mousse or baked apple without skin.
- Vegetable puree, small steamed fish fillet cutlet.
Sixth day
- Rice milk porridge, rosehip tea.
- Jelly made from milk or fruit.
- Vegetable soup, cutlet (fish or meat without oil), tea.
- Two crackers or crackers without salt, tea with milk.
- Steamed potatoes with minced chicken, tea.
Seventh day
Sample menu for the end of the week:
- A cup of cottage cheese with jam, milk tea.
- Baked apple without skin.
- Buckwheat porridge, steamed fish or chicken fillet.
- Kissel, a slice of dried bread.
- Steamed cutlet without fat, stewed vegetables.
- Water is allowed to be drunk in any quantity.
Treatment with diet
Diet for acute pancreatitis is one of the ways to eliminate the symptoms of this disease, thereby improving the functioning of the pancreas. The main treatment is carried out under the supervision of a therapist, and the treatment is often supervised by a surgeon.
The diet for acute pancreatitis has its own characteristics that distinguish it from other diets.
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On the first day of pancreatitis after an attack, doctors prescribe it for 3 days. Note that fasting can last for 6 days. During this period of time, the patient is allowed to drink only water.
It should be noted that the duration of fasting depends on the severity of the attack itself.
Important! During an attack of pancreatitis, doctors prescribe fasting and carry out all the necessary medical measures to eliminate the attack.
Along with fasting, doctors prescribe medications that help eliminate all the unpleasant symptoms of the disease. With properly selected therapy, it is possible to restore the functioning of the pancreas in a short period of time, as well as support local immunity.
In order to monitor the enzymes of the inflamed pancreas, a general analysis of urine and blood is prescribed. As soon as the results of laboratory examination reveal a decrease in enzymes, it will be possible to expand the therapeutic diet.
Diet for exacerbation of pancreatitis:
- It is allowed to drink weak tea during this period of time.
- Kefir, but only low-fat.
Around day 2 or 3, you can gradually introduce other foods. Despite the fact that the diet for pancreatitis is strict, the patient is allowed to eat meatballs, but only they must be steamed. After an attack of acute pancreatitis, introduce beef, chicken and creamy vegetable soups into the diet.
Also read on our website: Is milk possible for pancreatitis?
Diet in the first week after exacerbation of pancreatitis
During exacerbation of pancreatitis, meals should be taken in small portions, approximately 4-6 times a day. If you eat in large portions, this will create additional stress on the inflamed gland, and can also provoke a repeated attack of the disease.
What should you not eat?
The patient may be prohibited from eating smoked meats, pickles, fried foods, mushrooms, and legumes.
It is undesirable to eat pasta, millet, corn and pearl barley porridge. The list of prohibited products is quite extensive. Prohibited:
- Fatty broths.
- Sausages.
- Alcoholic drinks.
- Marinades.
- Canned fish or meat.
- Salo.
- Don't hard boil eggs.
- Hot spices and sauces.
- Salads made from raw radishes and bell peppers.
- Exclude any type of mushrooms.
- Sorrel.
Additionally, it is prohibited to eat fresh bread and various pastries. We have not provided the entire list; more detailed information can be obtained from your doctor. Remember that dietary intake will depend on the severity of the disease, as well as concomitant diseases.
List of prohibited products
Any heavy food (especially store-bought) should be excluded from the patient’s diet. In addition, semi-finished products and fast food are prohibited. Among the main restrictions are also:
- rich meat and fish broths;
- pickled products;
- smoked meats and pickles;
- legumes;
- mushrooms;
- onions, radishes and garlic (especially fresh);
- high fat dairy products;
- fatty meat and fish products;
- alcohol in any form;
- sweets, confectionery;
- sausage products;
- fresh baked goods and bread;
- sauces (especially tomato and mayonnaise);
- carbonated drinks, strong tea and coffee;
- very sour or sweet fruits.
Even dietary foods can be banned if processed incorrectly. Adding too much salt and seasoning is also prohibited.
Features of nutrition in case of organ dysfunction in children
The diet for children differs little from the permitted diet for adults in case of pancreatic dysfunction. However, there are also some nuances. So, instead of steamed cutlets, it is better to give children boiled fish or chicken fillet, or dietary beef, minced through a meat grinder.
For breakfast, it is best to offer your child milk porridge or cereal with water. At the same time, we must not forget that a growing body requires a sufficient amount of proteins, vitamins and minerals in food.
Particular attention should be paid to sweets. Chocolate, sweets, and confectionery products are strictly prohibited during medical nutrition. Also, children should not be given carbonated drinks or store-bought juices. It is necessary to feed the child according to his age and avoid eating difficult-to-digest foods.
What is pancreatitis?
The pancreas is rightfully considered one of the most complex organs, which is practically irreparable. The metabolism in the body and the functioning of the entire digestive system directly depend on its condition. Pancreatitis refers to inflammatory diseases of the pancreas. Its cause is a violation of the outflow of digestive juices and enzymes produced by the organ into the duodenum. As a result, they begin to act in the pancreas, thereby destroying it.
Symptoms of pancreatitis are:
- severe girdle pain in the left hypochondrium or radiating to the back;
- vomit;
- diarrhea;
- pale skin;
- increased blood pressure;
- cardiopalmus.
To relieve these symptoms, you must definitely seek help from a doctor. But the main condition for recovery is diet. Therefore, patients are often interested in which fruits can be eaten with pancreatitis, and which ones are better to avoid. Let us dwell on the principles of nutrition for inflammation of the pancreas in more detail.