Shortness of breath as a symptom of the disease
To unify medical observation, shortness of breath was classified according to the ability to perform a certain physical activity before its onset:
- Developing under load, its main difference is rapid recovery at the end of the load, this is the norm;
- Light - for fast walking or long ascents, no matter where;
- The average degree forces measured movements and sometimes requires stopping to restore breathing, a sign of initial stage I of respiratory failure;
- Severe degree - the ability to move without stopping for a distance of less than 100 meters, this is a symptom of stage II respiratory failure;
- Very severe - shortness of breath at rest, it indicates the last third degree of respiratory failure.
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Head of hospital, general practitioner
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Can there be weakness with gastritis?
Frequent companions of ordinary gastritis are constant weakness, frequent headaches and low-grade fever.
The main symptoms of gastritis are abdominal pain (aching, sharp, sharp), loss of strength, loss of appetite, weakness, poor health, dizziness, nausea and vomiting, heartburn, increased sweating, disruption of the gastrointestinal tract, gases, sudden weight loss, low blood pressure, belching, sour taste in the mouth, dry mouth or, conversely, excessive salivation. With chronic gastritis, anemia may develop.
The main symptoms of acute gastritis are pain in the upper abdomen, general weakness, dizziness, nausea and vomiting. At the first signs of illness, you should consult a doctor. Without proper treatment, acute gastritis becomes chronic. Although 50% of chronic cases are considered as a separate disease.
Frequent accompanying gastritis is constant weakness, frequent headaches and low-grade fever.
How does shortness of breath form?
It is difficult to form, so difficult that until now we have not finally decided on the theory of the appearance of shortness of breath. So far we have settled on the fact that the tension of the respiratory muscles of the chest during breathing does not correspond to its stretching, which is notified to the brain, which “turns on” shortness of breath. A person feels this discrepancy in the form of an unpleasant, inadequate and insufficient breath.
This is only one mechanism; it is clear that there may be other pathways leading to shortness of breath. For example, in cardiac pathology, shortness of breath is initiated by a slowdown in blood flow through the vessels of the lungs. The heart is not capable of active work, the speed of blood flow drops, which changes normal gas exchange: there is less oxygen in the blood, it is no longer depleted venous, but also not quite arterial. Inadequate blood gas composition irritates the respiratory center of the brain, which sends impulses to increase breathing in order to compensate for the poor quality of blood with a larger number of breaths.
The central nervous system not only activates the muscles of the chest involved in the breathing process, but also realizes how unpleasant shortness of breath is. The more intense the irritants and the more pronounced the impairment of respiratory function, the higher the degree of shortness of breath.
The mechanism of development of shortness of breath allowed its division into variants indicating a connection not with certain diseases, but with the pathology of systems: respiratory, cardiovascular, brain or blood.
Pulmonary dyspnea
From the name it is clear that the cause of such shortness of breath is a variety of diseases of the respiratory system, and primarily chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or COPD, which was previously called “chronic bronchitis of a smoker”, and bronchial asthma. Pulmonary dyspnea may intensify during an exacerbation, which is associated with seasonality: with COPD, usually in cold weather, with bronchial asthma - during the flowering period.
This type of shortness of breath is divided into:
- Inspiratory dyspnea does not allow you to inhale, which is possible when the lung is compressed by excess fluid - pleurisy or air - pneumothorax, or with muscle weakness due to paralysis as a result of a stroke. Such shortness of breath develops when the lung tissue is inelastic, which occurs when it is replaced by scar tissue in COPD and tuberculosis, in the presence of a tumor or metastases. The lung is not able to expand to a sufficient volume and this leads to additional breathing with the awareness of unpleasant sensations - shortness of breath.
- Expiratory shortness of breath is caused by difficulty in exhaling when the small lumen of the bronchi prevents the exit of the air stream - bronchial obstruction. This type occurs in bronchial asthma and emphysema, bronchial cancer. To escape, it is not enough just to contract the muscles responsible for the breathing process; the help of the muscles of the shoulder girdle and abdominal press is required.
- Mixed dyspnea is one that cannot be subsumed under the first two.
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Cardiac dyspnea
In diseases of the heart and blood vessels, shortness of breath is often caused by high vascular pressure, therefore, during a hypertensive crisis, the severity of shortness of breath may change progressively, and when normalized, the target blood pressure levels will not appear at all, similar to healthy ones. With the development of myocardial infarction, shortness of breath may also occur, but successful restoration of the myocardium can lead to its complete regression, also with pulmonary embolism and dissecting aneurysm of the thoracic aorta - the acute process is over, the symptoms are gone.
Ultimately, all cardiovascular diseases lead to the development of failure. With progressive heart failure, shortness of breath also passes through all degrees, starting from mild, when the lack of air is felt only during active movements, to very severe - at rest, as a rule, irreversibly.
Shortness of breath in heart failure changes the depth and frequency of breathing in order to bring gas exchange closer to optimal, this is called polypnea - a lot of breathing. With advanced failure, patients are practically unable to lie down, only sit with a high pillow, because lying down the heart cannot pump blood. Such shortness of breath is referred to as orthopnea, which means breathing while standing. There is also an extremely unpleasant version of cardiac asthma, when an attack of shortness of breath occurs at night with suffocation and coughing; these are manifestations of pulmonary edema. The shortness of breath is mixed: you can’t breathe in deeply, and when you breathe in, you can’t fully exhale. But still, shortness of breath in diseases of the cardiovascular system is an important, but far from the main symptom, because the pain in the heart prevails and bothers the patient, a violation of the rhythm of its activity, and the appearance of edema is very frightening.
Feeling of a lump in the stomach
Gastritis
33347 August 21
IMPORTANT!
The information in this section cannot be used for self-diagnosis and self-treatment.
In case of pain or other exacerbation of the disease, diagnostic tests should be prescribed only by the attending physician. To make a diagnosis and properly prescribe treatment, you should contact your doctor. Feeling of a lump in the stomach: causes of occurrence, what diseases it occurs with, diagnosis and treatment methods.
The feeling of a coma in the stomach is described when one experiences a feeling of heaviness, discomfort and fullness in the stomach, even when it is only slightly filled. Sometimes patients find it difficult to determine the exact location of the coma and point to the lower third of the sternum or solar plexus. In some cases, a feeling of a lump and cramps in the stomach may occur on an empty stomach.
Types of feeling of a coma in the stomach
A feeling of heaviness or coma in the stomach can be an independent symptom, but may be accompanied by other unpleasant sensations. Sometimes it is heartburn, sour belching, bloating, constipation.
In some cases, a feeling of a lump appears when swallowing
, making it difficult for chewed food to pass through.
In addition, patients may complain that food did not enter the stomach, but stopped in the esophagus.
In such patients, vomiting of unchanged food is possible. When describing symptoms, you should pay attention to the time of onset of discomfort - before
or
after eating
.
The patient may feel heaviness in the stomach with pain or heartburn, on an empty stomach or after eating, and night pain also occurs.
Sometimes the sensation of a lump in the stomach occurs
regardless of food intake
.
In such cases, they complain of stomach spasms
, sometimes accompanied by a feeling of a lump in the throat.
What diseases cause a sensation of a lump in the stomach?
Eating more than your usual amount of food
, accompanied by a feeling of fullness and heaviness in the stomach. This condition is not a manifestation of the disease and goes away on its own after some time.
It should be noted that stomach capacity varies depending on eating habits.
People who are small or
have undergone gastric resection
can eat a small portion, otherwise they will not only experience a feeling of heaviness or fullness in the stomach, but also vomiting.
A sensation of coma may occur when consuming foods that cause excess gas.
, as well as
food that is difficult to digest
(salads with mayonnaise, fatty, fried and smoked dishes) and
highly carbonated drinks
.
When eating dry and hastily,
an unpleasant sensation in the epigastric region is caused by poor processing of the food bolus with saliva and insufficient secretion of gastric juice.
However, a feeling of coma or discomfort in the stomach, or more precisely, in the epigastric region, may appear after eating even a small amount of food
.
This condition can be caused by diseases of the gastrointestinal tract or other reasons.
First of all, they assume indigestion, or functional dyspepsia. Its symptoms most often include pain and discomfort immediately after eating, a feeling of heaviness and fullness in the stomach, heartburn, belching, nausea, sometimes vomiting, reflux of stomach contents into the esophagus, bloating and bowel dysfunction.
Dyspepsia can be a symptom of both functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract and organic diseases.
Functional causes of dyspepsia are often caused by errors in diet and medications.
Iron ions have an irritating effect on the gastric mucosa, which is most pronounced when taking medications based on ferrous iron. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which are systematically taken for rheumatic and non-rheumatic diseases of the musculoskeletal system, also cause undesirable effects: heaviness and discomfort in the stomach, nausea, vomiting, and dyspeptic disorders.
Neurological disorders
(neuroses, depression), psychological trauma almost always affects the state of the gastrointestinal tract, leading to impaired motility.
Functional dyspepsia is not accompanied by erosive or ulcerative lesions of the stomach; its symptoms disappear when the general state of health is normalized.
One of the common causes of discomfort in the stomach immediately after eating is
gastritis
. It is accompanied by functional and inflammatory processes that have a negative effect on the gastric mucosa. Symptoms of gastritis include heaviness and pain in the stomach, indigestion, nausea, heartburn, sour belching and bloating when eating any food. The inflammatory process leads to atrophy of the mucous membrane and disruption of the glands that secrete gastric juice.
Insufficient gastric juice and weak peristalsis of the stomach and intestines make it difficult to digest food.
Gastritis is often accompanied by dyspepsia. In addition to a feeling of heaviness and aching pain in the epigastric region after eating, poor appetite, weakness, fatigue, and irritability are noted. When pressing on the abdomen, a dull pain appears in the projection of the stomach.
Impaired motor-evacuation functions
upper digestive tract is always accompanied by a feeling of coma or a feeling of heaviness in the stomach. Disorders of esophageal motility are usually caused by incoordination of the esophageal sphincters. Uncoordinated work of the esophageal muscles can lead to a delay in the bolus of food on the way to the stomach, the reflux of food particles into the respiratory tract, and reflux (return of stomach contents into the esophagus). Impaired gastric motility leads to slow emptying, which is accompanied by a feeling of heaviness and fullness even with a small amount of food consumed, pain in the epigastric region, heartburn, nausea and vomiting.
Motility disorders of the esophagus and stomach may be associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease, gastritis, tumors and stenoses (narrowings), metabolic disorders (hyperkalemia, hypercalcemia), postoperative complications of gastrectomy, taking certain medications (opiates, antidepressants, hormones), alcohol and nicotine .
Peristalsis worsens with a sedentary lifestyle and with age.
Stomach cancer can also cause symptoms such as a feeling of heaviness or a lump in the stomach. Moreover, depending on the location of the tumor, its manifestations vary. If the tumor is located closer to the esophagus, problems with swallowing food occur. This is accompanied by increased salivation, nausea, vomiting, and pain in the epigastric region. When the tumor is localized in the lower parts of the stomach, closer to the duodenum, a prolonged feeling of heaviness after eating and bloating is characteristic. When burping, a putrid odor may be felt.
Which doctors should you contact if you feel a lump in your stomach?
If there is a constant feeling of a lump in the stomach or a feeling of heaviness, it is necessary to contact or to make a preliminary diagnosis. The gastroenterologist may also refer the patient to an oncologist. A consultation may also be required.
Diagnosis and examination if you feel a lump in the stomach
First of all, clinical blood and stool tests are necessary for differential diagnosis.
Central dyspnea
The center of a person is not the heart, but the brain, because it regulates the activity of all organs, the coherence of the functioning of all systems. This type of shortness of breath is not associated with improper gas exchange in the lungs, it is caused by a failure in the regulation of respiratory movements in diseases and brain tumors or an overdose of drugs, and later the impaired exchange of gases in the lungs induced by improper breathing is added.
With organic brain lesions, tumors and injuries, the damaged brain is able to bring the breathing rate to the extreme: very frequent more than 40 breaths every minute - tachypnea; on the contrary, very rare bradypnea - literally single breaths per minute; or complete discord, every minute has its own frequency - dysrhythmia.
Regular patients of the psychoneurologist suffer from such shortness of breath. Their shortness of breath is independent of exertion, and such patients can exhibit remarkable activity when all other types of shortness of breath require slowing down or stopping movements. Nervous shortness of breath can occur at rest and go away with certain manipulations of the patient, for example, opening a window or drinking Valocordin. Switching the patient's attention helps relieve shortness of breath.
Prevention
To avoid the appearance of this unpleasant symptom, it is initially necessary to completely cure the underlying disease that caused the dyspnea. Qualified treatment will help prevent this phenomenon and other associated complications. Patients with gastrointestinal diseases are advised not to load the stomach, and eat small portions 5-6 times a day. Avoid foods that increase acidity and stick to a prescribed diet. Periodically undergo diagnostics, which will allow you to determine the prerequisites for pathology in the early stages. It is important to control weight for people with signs of obesity; they are recommended to lose weight. It is useful to take herbal decoctions for daily preventive treatment of the gastrointestinal tract. You should be in the fresh air more often and give up bad habits.
Source
Shortness of breath due to blood diseases
This type of shortness of breath occurs when there is an inferior structure or insufficient number of red blood cells - the main transporters of gases in the blood. It develops with large blood loss, with anemia from a lack of iron or vitamin B, and diseases where anemia is a symptom or complication. It is classified according to the standard, since increased activity worsens shortness of breath. In general, anemia is a fairly common condition, and this type of shortness of breath should also be among the leaders among similar ones, however, such shortness of breath is observed very rarely, because other symptoms, more painful, come to the fore, and shortness of breath against their background is almost invisible . After all, shortness of breath is a sensation.
Intoxication (general weakness) of the body
Intoxication is a general reaction of the human body to the introduction of any toxins: microbial, bacterial, food. Toxic syndrome most often develops in diseases of the digestive system of bacterial origin and acute respiratory infections.
Intoxication develops to one degree or another in almost all inflammatory and infectious diseases. The severity of symptoms of intoxication depends primarily on the reasons that caused it. As a rule, a toxic symptom is manifested by headaches, muscle weakness, aches in the lower back and muscles, vomiting, nausea, increased body temperature, increased sweating, abdominal pain, changes in blood pressure, diarrhea, and pale skin.
Weakness due to gastritis
The main source of acute gastritis is food poisoning or simply poisoning with poor-quality food
Gastritis is an inflammation of the stomach lining. It occurs for several reasons. The main source of acute gastritis is food poisoning, or simply poisoning with low-quality food. After two to three hours, acute inflammation of the gastric mucosa occurs, which is accompanied by high fever and vomiting. Nausea, dizziness, and diarrhea may also occur.
Symptoms of acute gastritis usually appear 4-8 hours after exposure to a pathogenic factor. There is a characteristic feeling of heaviness and fullness in the epigastric region. Then weakness, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea appear.
